Broad Antiretroviral Defense by Human Apobec3g through Lethal Editing of Nascent Reverse Transcripts
نویسندگان
چکیده
care and who present in labor, this time frame precludes the implementation of antiretroviral therapy during labor and delays the administration of antiretroviral agents to the newborn. In many cases, the delay exceeds the 48to 72-hour period within which transmission might be reduced with treatment of the newborn. Finally, the availability of the OraQuick test might reduce the time that caregivers would need to receive antiretroviral agents after accidental sharps exposures, with the source being quickly shown to be HIV-negative. Anyone who has needed to take an antiretroviral “cocktail” for even 2 or 3 days can understand the potential savings in emotional stress and physical discomfort in such situations.
منابع مشابه
Inhibition of a Yeast LTR Retrotransposon by Human APOBEC3 Cytidine Deaminases
The mammalian APOBEC3 family of cytidine deaminases includes several members that possess potent antiretroviral activity. Human APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G are specifically incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) progeny virions in the absence of virion infectivity factor (Vif), where they deaminate deoxycytidine to deoxyuridine on the minus strand of nascent reverse transcripts...
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The human cytidine deaminases APOBEC3G (hA3G) and APOBEC3F (hA3F) are intracellular antiretroviral factors that can hypermutate nascent reverse transcripts and inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Both enzymes have two cytidine deaminase motifs, although only the C-terminal motif is catalytic. Current models of APOBEC protein function imply editing is the prin...
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Human APOBEC3 proteins are cytidine deaminases that contribute broadly to innate immunity through the control of exogenous retrovirus replication and endogenous retroelement retrotransposition. As an intrinsic antiretroviral defense mechanism, APOBEC3 proteins induce extensive guanosine-to-adenosine (G-to-A) mutagenesis and inhibit synthesis of nascent human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1...
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While the ability of APOBEC3G to reduce the replication of a range of exogenous retroviruses is now well established, recent evidence has suggested that APOBEC3G can also inhibit the replication of endogenous retrotransposons that bear long terminal repeats. Here, we extend this earlier work by showing that two other members of the human APOBEC3 protein family, APOBEC3B and APOBEC3A, can reduce...
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